高一英语议论文类阅读理解及答案

议论文类

（I）★★

Cheating can happen in a lot of different ways. When people cheat, it’s not fair to other people, like the kids who studied for the test or who were the true winners of a game.

Many people like the action of cheating. It makes difficult things seem easy, like getting all the right answers on the test. But it doesn’t solve the problem of not knowing the material and it won’t help on the next test --- unless the person cheats again.

Some people lose respect for cheaters and think less of them. The cheaters themselves may feel bad because they know they are not really earning that good grade. And, if they get caught cheating, they will be in trouble at school, and maybe at home, too.

Some kids cheat because they’re busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without spending the time studying. Other kids might feel like they can’t pass the test without cheating. Even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, cheating isn’t a good idea.

If you were sick or upset about something the night before and couldn’t study, it would be better to talk with the teacher about this. And if you don’t have enough time to study for a test because of swim practice, you need to talk with your parents about how to balance swimming and school.

A kid who thinks cheating is the only way to pass a test needs to talk with the teacher and his or her parents so they can find some solutions(解决办法) together. Talking about these problems and working them out will feel better than cheating.

1．The author thinks that when kids cheat in class, _______.

A．it is unfair to other people

B．it does harm to their heath

C．teachers should punish them

D．teachers shouldn’t stop them at once

2．Some students like cheating mainly because_________.

A．the material in the test is very difficult

B．they want to do better than the others

C．cheating can make hard things seem very easy

D．they have little time to study their lessons

3．The fourth paragraph mainly tells us______.

A．cheating isn’t a good idea

B．why kids cheat in the test

C．some kids can’t pass the test without cheating

D．some kids don’t spend the time studying

4．We can learn from the passage______.

A．cheaters are often thought highly of

B．people show no respect for those who cheat

C．parents whose kids cheat are often in trouble

D．kids cheat in the test because of swim practice

5．In the passage those cheaters are advised to_______.

A．spend more time on school than on sports

B．find good solutions instead of cheating

C．try hard to be intelligent rather than lazy

D．ask their classmates for good methods of study

（II）★★

If you travel by air across the center of Africa or South America, you fly over forests for thousands of kilometers. These great forests are the oceans of trees. They are full of thousands and thousands of different kinds of plants and animal.

However, the world forests are getting smaller all the time. We are cutting down the trees because we need wood, and we need more farmland. Some people say that there will not be any forests like these in 20 or 30 years. What will happen if they disappear?

If we cut down our forests, a lot of plants and animals will disappear from the world. In a lot of places the new farmland will soon look like the old deserts. Crops will not grow there. It will not rain very often, and the weather will get very hot. Perhaps the climate of the world will change. This will be dangerous for everyone in the world. That is why we must take care of forests.

1. The passage mainly tells us about _________.

A. the importance of taking care of our forests

B. the result of cutting down the trees

C. the world of great forests

D. the reasons for forming the deserts

2. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Africa and South America are the oceans of trees.

B. Forests are homes for different kinds of animals.

C. Forests are usually several square kilometers large.

D. Different plants can’t be found in the same forest.

3. The need for more wood and more land results in ________.

A. the change of the world climate

B. the disappearance of many plants and animals

C. more desert and less farmland

D. all of the above

4. What will happen in 20 or 30 years in some people’s view?

A. We’ll have more and great forests.

B. We’ll have enough land to support our people.

C. We’ll have no forests like those in the center of Africa.

D. We’ll have enough wood to do some cooking.

5. The writer thinks ________.

A. it necessary for people to cut down the forests

B. it necessary for people to protect the forests

C. it impossible for people to take care of the world

D. it important for everyone to keep animals

（III）★★

Shopping is not as simple as you may think! There are all sorts of tricks at play each time we reach out for that particular brand of product on the shelf.

Colouring, for example, varies according to what the producers are trying to sell. Health foods are packaged in greens, yellows or browns because we think of these as healthy colours. Ice cream packets are often blue and expensive goods, like chocolates, are gold or silver.

When some kind of pain killer was brought out recently, researchers found that the colours turned the customers off because they made the product look weak and ineffective. Eventually, it came on the market in a dark blue and white package—blue because we think of it as safe, and white as calm.

The size of a product can attract a shopper. But quite often a bottle doesn’t contain as much as it appears to.

It is believed that the better-known companies spend, on average, 70 percent of the total cost of the product itself on packaging!

The most successful producers know that it’s not enough to have a good product. The founder of Pears soap, who for 25 years has used pretty little girls to promote (推销) their goods, came to the conclusion: “Any fool can make soap, but it takes a genius to sell it.”

1．Which of the following may trick a shopper into buying a product according to the text?

A. The cost of its package.

B. The price of the product.

C. The colour of its package.

D. The brand name of the product.

2．The underlined part “the colours turned the customers off” (in Para.3) means that the colours _________.

A. attracted the customers strongly

B. caused the customers to lose interest

C. tricked the customers into shopping

D. had weak effects on the customers

3．Which of the following is the key to the success in product sales?

A. The way to promote goods.

B. The discovery of a genius.

C. The team to produce a good product.

D. The brand name used by successful producers.

4．According to the passage, which of the following statement is true?

A. Making soap is so easy that any fool in the world can make it.

B. Greens, yellows or silver are considered to be healthy colours.

C. 25 years ago, the founder of Pears soap was a pretty girl herself.

D. The size of a product can have an effect on the shoppers.

5．Which of the following would be the best title for this text?

A. Choice of Good Products

B. Disadvantages of Products

C. Effect of Packaging on Shopping

D. Brand Names and Shopping Tricks

1—5CBADC

（IV）★★★

Education is not an end, but a means to an end. In other words, we do not educate children only for the purpose of educating them. Our purpose is to fit them for life.

In some modern countries it has for some time been fashionable to think that by free education for all whether rich or poor, clever or stupid, one can solve all the problems of society and build a perfect nation. But we can already see that free education for all is not enough: we find in such countries a far larger number of people with university degrees; they refuse to do what they think “low” work; and in fact, work with hands is thought to be dirty and shameful. But we have only to think a moment to understand that the work of a completely uneducated farmer is far more important than that of a professor; we can live without education, but we die if we have no food. If no one cleaned our streets and took the rubbish away from our houses, we would get terrible diseases in our towns.

In fact, when we say that all of us must be educated to fit us for life, it means that we are educated in such a way that, firstly, each of us can do whatever work suited to his brains and ability, and secondly, that we realize that all jobs are necessary to society, and that it is very bad to be ashamed of one’s work. Only such a type of education can be considered valuable to society.

1. The writer of this passage thinks that________.

A. free education can solve all of the world’s problems

B. free education for all probably leads to a perfect world

C. free education won’t help to solve social problems

D. all the social problems can’t be solved by free education

2. The writer wants to prove that___________.

A. our society needs all kinds of jobs

B. our society needs free education for all

C. a farmer is more important than a professor

D. people with university degrees earn more money

3. According to the passage, ____________.

A. work with hands is dirty and shameful

B. work with hands is low work

C. work with hands is the most important

D. we can’t regard work with hands as low work

4. The purpose of education is ___________.

A. to choose a system of education

B. to let everyone receive education

C. to prepare children for their future life

D. to prepare children for well-paid jobs

（V）

When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how do they operate?

Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long-term. They will also experience fear.

Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place in leadership.

The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work day; or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they became fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation (积极性). Today’s work place is all about relationships. Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they’re recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work. They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor (因素) in the work life of most people.

The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence---knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills.

1. The underlined phrase “shooting oneself in the foot” means _____ in this passage.

A. throw or walk in a specific direction or towards a specific objective

B. to grow forth (向前) from the ground

C. to move or pass suddenly or swiftly

D. to injure or harm one's own interests

2. An employee may have a feeling of fear in the work place when ___.

A. he cannot work at his best B. he is forced to do things

C. he feels his brain shut down D. he thinks of his work as too heavy

3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. People tend to associate leadership with fear.

B. Working conditions affect people’s physical health.

C. Smart people are more functional in the work place.

D. Good relationship is the key to business success.

4. To positively influence employees, a leader should first of all ____.

A. develop his own personality B. provide better suggestions

C. give his employees a pay raise D. hide his own emotion of fear

5. Good leadership is mainly seen in a leader’s ability to_____.

A. provide a variety of project for employees

B. help raise employees’ living standards

C. deal wisely with employees’ emotions

D. give employees’ specific instructions（指导）

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II 1-5 ABDCB

III 1—5CBADC

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